Keeping Backyard Chickens in Bend, OR
Your Essential Guide to Urban Poultry
Keeping backyard chickens has become a popular trend among residents in Bend, Oregon, offering a sustainable way of living and a chance to enjoy fresh eggs. The city of Bend allows the keeping of up to four chickens per household, provided that a $104 annual permit is obtained. This urban farming practice echoes the movement observed in cities like Portland and Seattle, where changes in city ordinances have supported the community's growing interest in self-sufficiency and local food sources.
However, chicken keeping in Bend comes with regulations that must be adhered to for the wellbeing of the chickens and the community. These provisions include maintaining cleanliness around food and water sources to ensure the health of the chickens. Before starting a backyard flock, potential chicken keepers should verify with local zoning laws to ensure compliance with area-specific rules.
For those living on a residential lot, the lot must be at least 6,000 square feet to qualify for chicken keeping under the city's ordinance. This ensures that homeowners have adequate space for their chickens to roam and live comfortably. This space requirement, along with the permit and restriction to four chickens, aims to balance the urban lifestyle with the joys and responsibilities of raising chickens.
Understanding Local Chicken Ordinances
Navigating the specifics of local regulations is essential for residents interested in raising chickens within the urban confines of Bend, OR. Acquainted with these rules, aspiring urban chicken keepers can ensure compliance and avoid legal troubles.
City Permits and Regulations
In Bend, residents must secure a Type I Permit to legally raise chickens as an accessory use on residential lots. This permit system assures that such activities are kept in accordance with city standards, thereby maintaining harmony within residential zones.
The Bend Chicken Ordinance Explained
Bend's local ordinance permits the keeping of up to four chickens on properties that are 5,000 square feet or larger. It is important to note that the city only allows hens; roosters are prohibited to minimize noise issues that could disturb the neighborhood.
Chickens Allowed: Up to 4 hens
Property Size Requirement: ≥ 5,000 sq ft
Permit Required: Yes (Type I Permit)
Roosters: Not allowed
Comparison with Portland and Other Urban Areas
Portland, Oregon, similarly accommodates urban chicken enthusiasts but with different local nuances. While the Bend ordinance is explicit about the number of chickens and lot size, Portland's conditions may vary. Comparing Bend to broader Oregon or other urban and rural areas illustrates the regional diversity in urban chicken regulation:
Bend: Strict permit process and lot size requirement, limited to four hens, no roosters.
Portland: Regulation details may differ, highlighting the importance of checking local ordinances.
Rural Areas: Typically more lenient, reflecting the different lifestyle and housing density.
Planning and Building Your Chicken Coop
When constructing a chicken coop in Bend, Oregon, one must prioritize the choice of location, adhere to size and design standards, and ensure adequate ventilation and insulation to protect the flock from the local climate.
Choosing a Suitable Location
The location for a chicken coop should provide protection from predators and be well-drained to avoid water accumulation. Proximity to the house can make it easier for monitoring and maintenance, but local ordinances may dictate how close structures can be to property lines or dwellings. In Bend, check local zoning regulations to confirm permissible distances. A southern exposure will maximize sunlight and help keep the coop warm during colder months.
Sunlight: Southern exposure for warmth
Drainage: Elevated area to prevent water pooling
Accessibility: Close to the house for easy care
Predator Safety: Away from dense cover where predators might lurk
Regulations Compliance: Confirm with Bend's zoning rules
Coop Design and Size Requirements
A well-designed chicken coop must offer at least three square feet per chicken inside the coop and about ten square feet in the outdoor run. Construction should utilize sturdy materials to withstand Bend's weather while limiting the use of treated lumber where chickens might peck. The coop should include sufficient space for nesting boxes, one box for every three to four hens, and ample roosting space away from drafts.
Space per Chicken: 3 sq ft in coop, 10 sq ft in run
Materials: Durable, untreated wood
Nesting Boxes: 1 per 3-4 hens
Roosting Area: Away from drafts and predators
Ensuring Proper Ventilation and Insulation
Proper airflow is crucial to prevent moisture buildup which can cause respiratory issues in chickens. The design should allow for cross ventilation without creating direct drafts on the birds. Insulation supports thermal regulation within the coop, maintaining a consistent temperature during Bend's varied climate. It is important to insulate the ceiling and use hardware cloth for securing ventilation openings against predators.
Ventilation: Cross ventilation to reduce moisture
Insulation: For temperature control
Draft Protection: Ventilation without direct air on poultry
Predator Proofing: Hardware cloth over openings
Chicken Breeds and Selection
In Bend, Oregon, the success of a backyard chicken flock largely depends on choosing breeds that thrive in local conditions and meet the poultry keeper's goals, whether that's egg production, meat, or companionship.
Popular Breeds for Backyard Flocks
Certain chicken breeds have gained popularity for backyard flocks due to their temperament, productivity, and adaptability. Jersey Giants are known for their friendly nature and size, often integrating well with other breeds. They are excellent for those seeking a docile breed that can provide substantial meat yield. Rhode Island Reds and Australorps are favored for their robust egg-laying, with the added benefit of being hardy in various climates.
Dominiques, also known as Dominickers, are heralded as America's original chicken breed; they are recognized for their dual-purpose utility, providing both meat and eggs efficiently. Smaller breeds like Silkies and Millie Fleurs are often chosen for ornamental purposes, adding a touch of elegance to a backyard flock.
Jersey Giants: Large, friendly, integrate well
Rhode Island Reds: Excellent egg layers, climate hardy
Australorps: Prolific layers, adaptable to environments
Dominiques: Dual-purpose, historic breed, efficient
Silkies, Millie Fleurs: Ornamental, unique appearance
Selecting the Right Breeds for Bend's Climate
Bend's climate can pose challenges with its cold winters and hot summers, so selecting breeds that can tolerate these extremes is crucial. Dominiques are noted for their hardiness, making them a good choice for the cold spells. For the warmer weather, breeds like Rhode Island Reds and Barred Rocks are known to be more heat-tolerant.
Additionally, prospective chicken keepers should consider molting patterns and how they may affect egg production, especially in regions with seasonal weather changes. Pullets, or young hens, typically begin laying eggs at about six months and are less affected by molting in the first year, making them a smart choice for someone looking to establish a new flock.
When choosing chicken breeds:
Assess the climate adaptability: Dominiques and Rhode Island Reds fare well in Bend's climate.
Consider temperature tolerance: Barred Rocks are another breed suited for warmer periods.
Account for molting: Understand that molting can affect egg production and select pullets for a more consistent yield during the first year.
Raising Chickens 101
When embarking on the journey of raising backyard chickens in Bend, OR, one must familiarize themselves with essential requirements for feed, sanitation, and the behavior of chickens to ensure a successful and sustainable setup.
The Basics of Feeding and Nutrition
Chickens require access to a balanced diet to thrive. It is essential that they receive a mix of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. In Bend, feed stores offer a variety of formulated feeds for different stages of chicken development. Starter feed is crucial for chicks, while layers feed is tailored for egg-laying hens.
Feeders: One should use sturdy, easily accessible feeders that keep feed clean and dry.
Water: Clean, fresh water should be available at all times.
Maintaining Cleanliness and Health
Cleanliness is not just a matter of aesthetics; it directly influences the health and wellbeing of chickens. Regular cleaning of the coop and nesting boxes prevents parasites and diseases.
Coop Maintenance: Replace bedding frequently to reduce odor and bacteria.
Sanitization: Periodically disinfect feeders and waterers to maintain a disease-free environment.
Understanding Chicken Behavior and Social Dynamics
Chickens have a complex social hierarchy known as the "pecking order." Understanding their behavior is key to managing a peaceful flock.
Space: Provide adequate space to minimize stress and aggression.
Roosters: Generally, roosters are not necessary for egg production and may be prohibited in residential areas.
By staying informed on feeding, cleanliness, and chicken behavior, one can create a healthy and sustainable environment for raising chickens in Bend, OR.
Egg Production and Care
When raising backyard chickens in Bend, Oregon, successful egg production depends on proper care, nesting provisions, and handling of eggs. Detailed attention to nesting box essentials, egg laying management, and ensuring egg quality and food safety are crucial for a thriving backyard flock.
Nesting Box Essentials
A proper nesting box setup directly impacts a hen's willingness to lay eggs. Each box should measure approximately 12x12x12 inches and be filled with clean, dry bedding such as straw or wood shavings. Location is key; nesting boxes must be placed in a quiet, dimly lit area to provide a sense of security and encourage laying. Regular cleaning is essential to the health of the hens and the cleanliness of the eggs.
Managing Egg Laying and Collection
Chickens will generally begin laying eggs at around 18 weeks of age, with peak production typically occurring for the first year thereafter. To aid consistent laying, keepers should ensure 14-16 hours of light daily, either naturally or supplemented with artificial light. A predictable schedule for feeding and egg collection helps maintain order — eggs should be collected at least once a day to decrease the chances of them getting dirty or damaged.
Egg Quality and Food Safety
Fresh eggs from well-maintained backyard chickens in Bend are known for their superior flavor and nutritional value. Diet significantly affects egg quality; a balanced feed with adequate calcium and protein promotes strong shells and healthy yolks. Potential health risks are minimized by storing collected eggs at a temperature below 45°F and washing hands thoroughly before and after handling. Regularly inspect eggs for cleanliness and shell integrity, discarding any with cracks or unusual odors to ensure food safety.
Day-to-Day Management
Effective daily management is vital for maintaining a healthy and thriving backyard flock in Bend, OR. Chicken keepers have to establish a consistent routine and ensure appropriate measures are in place to safeguard the flock from potential threats.
Routine Care and Chicken Keeper Responsibilities
A chicken keeper's daily responsibilities include providing fresh water, a well-balanced diet, and a clean living environment. They must ensure that:
Water: Fresh water is available at all times. Waterers should be cleaned daily to prevent the spread of disease.
Feeding: Chickens receive a consistent supply of quality feed. The amount will vary based on the size and breed of the chickens, but feeders should be checked and refilled daily.
Habitat:
Nesting boxes are clean, with fresh bedding provided regularly to encourage egg laying and to keep eggs clean.
Coops are cleaned weekly to remove droppings and prevent pests.
A designated dust bathing area is available, which is vital for chicken hygiene and parasite control.
Protecting Chickens from Predators and Extreme Weather
Chicken keepers must be vigilant to ensure the safety of their backyard flock from common predators and harsh weather conditions:
Predators: Bend, OR is home to several natural predators such as coyotes, hawks, and raccoons. Protection strategies include:
Ensuring the coop and run are secure with predator-proof latches.
Reinforcing enclosures with hardware cloth rather than chicken wire, which is more durable against predator attacks.
Weather: Chickens must be protected from extreme temperatures, both hot and cold. Keepers should adapt their care routine depending on the season:
In winter, provide insulation for the coop and consider a heat source if temperatures drop significantly. Prevent water from freezing.
During summer, ensure adequate ventilation, shade, and cool water to prevent heat stress.
Through attentive care and proactive measures, chicken keepers can maintain a healthy flock that is well-protected from common challenges faced in the Bend, OR area.
Obtaining Chickens
When residents of Bend, Oregon decide to raise backyard chickens, they must navigate local ordinances while also considering the best sources for acquiring their birds. It's important to account for the specific regulations, such as the requirement to keep only hens, and prepare for the responsibilities associated with different stages of chicken development.
Buying from a Hatchery vs. Local Sources
Hatcheries offer a convenient way to purchase baby chicks, providing a wide selection of breeds suitable for various purposes, whether it's for egg production, ornamental reasons, or as pets. Chickens from hatcheries typically come vaccinated and with a guarantee of health. However, buyers should ensure the hatchery complies with Bend's backyard chicken regulations, which allow for up to four chickens; specifically only hens.
Local sources such as nearby farms or feed stores may have chickens available for purchase as well. Acquiring chickens locally provides the advantage of observing the chickens' condition and environment before buying. Prospective chicken keepers can also sometimes find others in the community offering chicks or adolescent chickens, which allows for direct support and advice.
Caring for Chicks and Adolescent Chickens
Caring for chicks requires a secure brooding area to maintain appropriate temperature, hygiene, and safety from predators. A list of required supplies one would need includes:
Brooder: A warm, draft-free area with bedding such as pine shavings.
Heat source: Typically a heat lamp to keep the temperature within 90-95 degrees Fahrenheit for the first week, with gradual reduction over time.
Feeder and Waterer: Appropriate for the size of the chicks.
Feeding should consist of a starter feed formulated for chicks, which provides essential nutrients for optimal growth. As chicks grow into adolescent chickens, they will begin transitioning to a grower feed and require more space to roam safely.
Purchasers should be reminded that raising chickens comes with a commitment to their care and well-being through all stages of life, supporting them to become healthy, egg-laying hens.
Community and Lifestyle
In the city of Bend, Oregon, the community's embrace of backyard chickens reflects its values of companionship and sustainable living. This section examines how these feathery residents impact neighborhood bonds and environmental responsibility.
Fostering Companionship and Community Involvement
Backyard chickens serve as a unique social catalyst in Bend. They promote interactions among neighbors, often leading to shared experiences in chicken care and egg distribution. Residents find common ground through their care for these animals, resulting in a stronger, interconnected community. This companionship extends to the relationship between humans and chickens, offering daily interactions with nature that enhance the quality of life.
Examples of community involvement include:
Chicken Coop Tours: Residents often showcase their coop setups during community tours, promoting both education and social interaction.
Egg Sharing Programs: Surplus eggs are frequently shared among neighbors, fostering a sense of generosity and mutual support.
The Role of Backyard Chickens in Sustainable Living
Backyard chickens contribute to the sustainable living practices widely endorsed within Bend. They are an integral part of reducing food waste by consuming kitchen scraps, thus diverting organic waste from landfills. Their presence supports the maintenance of green spaces and contributes to a lifestyle aligned with nature's rhythms.
Sustainable advantages of keeping backyard chickens:
Egg Production: Home-raised hens provide a local, renewable resource of fresh eggs, reducing the community's carbon footprint by minimizing transport-related emissions.
Soil Enrichment: Chicken manure enriches garden soil, enhancing local vegetation and further supporting the ecosystem.
Legal Considerations and Neighbor Relations
Residents in Bend, Oregon must navigate specific rules regarding keeping chickens in order to maintain harmony with local regulations and neighbors. Compliance with legal stipulations and considerate practices are vital.
Addressing Noise and Odor Concerns
In Bend, it is legal to keep up to four chickens on residential lots, with an annual permit. This restriction aims to limit noise and prevent odor nuisances. Since roosters are known for crowing, they are not allowed, effectively curbing noise issues that can strain neighbor relations. For odor control, the city's standards mandate the regular maintenance of chickens' living quarters. Residents should frequently clean and rake out the run area, collecting eggs regularly to reduce the risk of attracting rodents.
Building Good Relations with Neighbors and Community
Constructive neighbor relations are facilitated by transparent communication and respect for property boundaries. Homeowners are advised to build their coops and runs at a sufficient distance from fences to minimize any impact on adjacent properties. Although not legally required, it is a good practice for individuals to discuss their intention to raise chickens with their neighbors, offering reassurance about concerns such as odor, waste management, and property aesthetics. They can also share information about how the chickens will be contained and the proactive steps being taken to ensure cleanliness and minimal disruption.
Conclusion and Future Perspectives
The practice of keeping backyard chickens in Bend, OR, reflects a broader movement towards sustainable living and urban agriculture. Residents have embraced the trend since the city ordinance change in 2006, utilizing their residential lots to foster a connection with their food sources and reduce environmental footprints.
Moving forward, one may anticipate continued growth in this sector, with potential improvements in public awareness and education on responsible husbandry. Hen keepers generally find themselves better positioned to contribute to community sustainability efforts, thanks to a reliable supply of fresh eggs and the benefits of natural soil enrichment through chicken waste.
Regulatory Landscape:
Ongoing revisions to local laws may occur to ensure the health and welfare of both the chickens and the community.
Zoning requirements and lot size stipulations are likely to remain pivotal for managing this practice within city limits.
Community Engagement:
Neighborhood organizations are expected to play a critical role in fostering dialogue and knowledge-sharing among aspiring and existing poultry owners.
Chicken-keeping courses and workshops could become more prevalent, strengthening the community's competence in managing their flocks.
Environmental Impact:
Further studies could illuminate the exact environmental footprint of urban chicken farming, leading to more targeted sustainability measures.
Initiatives promoting coop designs that protect against predators, as well as strategies for dealing with surplus eggs, will likely gain traction.
In summary, the future of backyard chickens in Bend, OR, appears to be on an upward trajectory, harmonizing with the city's ethos of sustainability and community participation.
