How to Live Off Grid in Oregon
A Comprehensive Guide for Newcomers
This Article is Part of Our Guide on Living Off-Grid for all 50 US-States
Oregon is widely recognized as one of the prime locations for off-grid living in the United States. Its fertile land, diverse climate, and abundance of natural resources make it an ideal choice for those seeking a sustainable and independent lifestyle. The state's policies generally support sustainable living, although there are some strict land-use regulations to consider when setting up an off-grid home.
In addition to its favorable climate, Oregon offers numerous options for renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Access to freshwater is also readily available through rivers and lakes, while abundant wildlife provides opportunities for hunting and fishing. Living off the grid in Oregon allows residents to harness these natural resources in order to minimize their reliance on traditional utilities and contribute to a more sustainable way of life.
While off-grid living can be a rewarding and fulfilling experience, it's crucial to stay informed about the state's zoning laws, RV regulations, and other requirements when considering building an off-grid home in Oregon. With the proper research, planning, and understanding of local laws, one can successfully embark on a journey to embrace a self-sufficient lifestyle in Oregon.
Understanding Off-Grid Living
Defining Off-Grid Living
Off-grid living refers to a lifestyle that emphasizes self-sufficiency and sustainable living, often with a focus on utilizing renewable energy sources. Individuals who choose to live off the grid seek to reduce their dependence on traditional utilities and systems in favor of generating their own power, water, and waste disposal solutions. Common technologies used in this lifestyle include solar panels, wind turbines, and rainwater collection systems.
Benefits and Challenges of Off-Grid Life
Benefits:
Environmental sustainability: Off-grid living promotes the use of renewable energy sources, reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and the associated environmental impacts.
Self-sufficiency: By producing their own power and resources, off-grid dwellers can enjoy a greater sense of independence and control over their living situation.
Cost savings: Some off-grid solutions can reduce or eliminate utility bills, allowing for a potentially more cost-efficient lifestyle.
Challenges:
Initial investment: The costs of setting up off-grid systems, such as solar panels and water filtration systems, can be significant. However, these investments may eventually pay off through energy savings.
Skill and knowledge requirements: Living off-grid often demands a certain degree of technical know-how and resourcefulness, particularly when it comes to generating power, collecting water, and disposing of waste.
Natural disasters and changing weather patterns: Off-grid systems can be vulnerable to interruptions caused by natural disasters or fluctuating weather conditions, which can impact power generation and water availability.
In Oregon, off-grid living is supported by favorable policies and a variety of living options, such as tiny homes and RVs. However, strict state regulations also govern how land can be used, and property prices are relatively higher than the national average due to the influx of people from wealthier regions. As a result, transitioning to off-grid living in Oregon requires careful research, planning, and resource management to ensure a successful and sustainable lifestyle.
Legal Framework
Zoning Laws and Regulations
In Oregon, much of the land is zoned as EFU (Exclusive Farm Use), which imposes strict rules on land use. Some of the restrictions encompass parcel size minimums, ranging from 20 to 160 acres. This regulation aims to prevent over-development and makes it virtually impossible to establish a small-acreage off-grid farm in the state. Additionally, over half of Oregon's land (55%) is zoned for public use, 25% for farming, and 13% for forests. Constructing a home on forest or farming land may require additional requirements to comply with the zoning regulations.
Building Codes and Permits
When building an off-grid home in Oregon, it is crucial to comply with building codes and obtain necessary permits. While the specific requirements may vary depending on the county, the state has adopted the International Residential Code (IRC) for single-family homes. This code ensures structural safety, energy efficiency, and proper sanitation. Oregon is known for its strong environmental consciousness, so building an off-grid home might require extensive permits to ensure environmental sustainability.
Property Tax and Land Prices
The cost of living and property in Oregon is relatively high, with land prices being about 50% higher than the national average. This increase in prices can partly be attributed to individuals relocating from wealthier areas such as California. Property taxes in Oregon vary depending on the local jurisdiction. Although the state has a moderately low property tax rate compared to other states, off-grid landowners are still expected to pay their property taxes.
In conclusion, living off-grid in Oregon requires navigating a complex legal framework that involves zoning laws, building codes, permits, and property tax considerations. A thorough understanding of these regulations is essential for establishing a sustainable and legal off-grid lifestyle in the state.
Choosing the Right Location
Evaluating Oregon's Regions
Oregon offers various geographical regions suited for off-grid living; each has its advantages and challenges. The state can generally be divided into three sections: the coastal region, the valleys in the western region, and the eastern region with high deserts and forests.
Coastal Region: The coast has a mild, Mediterranean climate, offering a pleasant environment for off-grid living. Notable areas include Curry County, known for its excellent weather and low population density.
Western Valleys: This region, dominated by the Cascade Mountains, offers vast forests and fertile agricultural lands. The Exclusive Farm Use (EFU) zones are prevalent, with strict rules on land usage and minimum parcel sizes ranging from 20 to 160 acres.
Eastern Region: The eastern parts of Oregon are characterized by high deserts, forests, and more arid climates. Land availability may be higher, but access to resources such as water and fertile soil might pose challenges.
Land Availability and Prices
Land prices in Oregon can vary significantly, depending on the region and size of the parcel. In general, land costs are higher in western regions due to their proximity to urban centers and available resources. Expect to pay a premium for coastal land areas, while more affordable prices can be found in the eastern parts.
Given the varying restrictions on land usage, especially in EFU zones, it is essential to research individual land parcels, their zoning regulations, and unique requirements before purchasing.
Population Density and Community
The population density in Oregon is unevenly distributed throughout the state, with most residents concentrated in the urban centers of the western regions. The coastal and eastern areas offer more rural, low-density living scenarios, which are ideal for those seeking a tranquil off-grid lifestyle.
Several off-grid communities exist in Oregon, catering to like-minded individuals and providing a supportive environment. Research nearby towns or off-grid communities to determine if their values, resources, and infrastructure align with your lifestyle goals.
Living off-grid in Oregon is achievable with careful planning by evaluating the region's unique features, land prices and availability, and the density of the population. Finding the perfect location will ensure a sustainable and fulfilling off-grid life in this diverse state.
Setting Up Your Off-Grid Home
Types of Off-Grid Homes
When living off-grid in Oregon, you have several options for your residence. Common choices include RVs, tiny homes, and traditional houses with a focus on sustainable features. Each of these options can be powered by renewable energy sources such as solar panels. To make the best decision, consider the size, cost, mobility, and legal restrictions in your area.
Water Resources and Systems
Securing a reliable source of water is essential when living off-grid in Oregon. The state is abundant in freshwater, but it is important to know your options:
Surface Water: Collecting rainwater or drawing from nearby rivers, streams, or springs is a popular choice.
Wells: Digging a well on your property allows access to an underground water supply.
Cisterns: Storing water in large containers or underground tanks allows for a consistent supply during dry seasons or emergencies.
Once you have a water source, consider setting up a greywater recycling system to make the most of your water usage by repurposing it for irrigation, flushing toilets, or other non-potable uses.
Water Source Availability Limitations Surface Water High Seasonal Wells Moderate Digging Cisterns High Storage
Waste Management Solutions
Managing waste responsibly is vital when living off-grid. There are several eco-friendly options for handling both solid and liquid waste in Oregon:
Composting Toilets: These toilets break down waste into compost, which can be used to nourish plants and gardens.
Greywater Systems: Reusing shower, sink and laundry water prevents water waste and can be beneficial to your plants.
Outhouse Latrines: A simple pit dug in the ground can serve as a basic sanitation solution, but it is important to follow state regulations and maintain good hygiene.
By implementing proper waste management solutions, you help reduce your environmental impact and contribute to a more sustainable lifestyle while living off-grid in Oregon.
Energy Solutions
Harnessing Solar Power
One of the best options for off-grid living in Oregon is solar power. The state has a relatively mild climate and receives a decent amount of sunshine, making solar energy a viable choice. Investing in a solar power system is a practical way to generate electricity for off-grid living. You can install photovoltaic (PV) panels on the roof of your dwelling or on a nearby structure like a shed. These systems may include:
Solar panels
Inverter
Battery storage
Charge controller
When designing your solar power system, consider your energy needs and budget. It's crucial to estimate the number of solar panels and storage batteries required to sustain your household's energy consumption.
Wind Energy Alternatives
Another renewable energy solution to explore is wind energy. In areas of Oregon with strong and consistent winds, investing in a wind turbine might be a smart choice. Wind turbines can provide a supplemental or even primary energy source, depending on the location and season. Wind energy systems typically consist of:
Wind turbine
Tower
Inverter
Battery storage
When considering wind energy, research local wind patterns to determine if a turbine is a suitable investment. Keep in mind that small-scale wind energy systems may not be practical in all locations.
Other Renewable Sources
In addition to solar and wind power, there are other viable renewable energy options for off-grid living in Oregon. Some alternatives to consider include:
Hydro-power: If a stream or river is nearby your property, you might explore harnessing the power of flowing water with a micro-hydro system. This approach can produce a continuous electricity supply, ideal for off-grid living.
Geothermal energy: While a more complex and expensive technology, geothermal energy uses Earth's natural heat to generate electricity. Geothermal systems are not feasible for all properties but may be an option for some off-grid homes in Oregon.
Overall, the choice of energy solution will depend on the local climate, available resources, and individual preferences. Combining multiple renewable energy sources may result in a more consistent and reliable off-grid energy supply.
Food Security and Farming
Growing Your Own Food
In Oregon, the climate is generally favorable for growing a variety of vegetables and crops. The state's diverse climate includes Mediterranean conditions in the southwestern parts, which allow for the cultivation of a wide range of produce. When living off-grid, it's essential to grow your own food to ensure food security and promote self-sufficiency.
Here are some common crops that thrive in Oregon:
Leafy greens (lettuce, spinach, kale)
Root vegetables (carrots, beets, potatoes)
Brassicas (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower)
Legumes (beans, peas)
Squash
Berries (strawberries, blueberries, raspberries)
In addition to the crops mentioned above, Oregon is also well-known for its mixed farm/forest system. This involves integrating agriculture with forestry to maximize land usage, conserve resources, and maintain ecological balance. Mixed farms may include various fruit and nut trees inter-planted with crops or livestock.
Livestock and Mixed Farming
Embracing livestock and mixed farming is another crucial aspect in achieving food security while living off-grid in Oregon. By incorporating livestock into your homestead, you not only benefit from the consumption of meat, dairy products, and eggs but also from the utilization of resources such as manure for natural fertilization.
Common livestock in Oregon include:
Chickens
Ducks
Rabbits
Goats
Sheep
Pigs
Cattle
Bear in mind that each animal species poses different requirements for shelter, food, and care. Considering these factors is vital in maintaining successful mixed farming in your off-grid homestead.
In conclusion, focusing on food security and farming is paramount when living off-grid in Oregon. Growing your own vegetables and crops, along with incorporating livestock and mixed farming into your homestead, ensures that you achieve a sustainable and self-sufficient lifestyle.
Resource Management
Rainwater Harvesting and Storage
Oregon is known for its rainy climate, which makes rainwater harvesting an essential aspect of sustainable off-grid living. Collecting and storing rainwater can significantly reduce the reliance on municipal water resources.
To effectively harvest rainwater, install a catchment system on rooftops, such as gutters and downspouts, connected to storage tanks. It's crucial to consider the storage capacity needed based on the household's water consumption and the average annual rainfall in the region. For example, a family of four might require a storage capacity of at least 5,000 gallons.
Consider the following best practices for rainwater harvesting and storage in Oregon:
Use appropriate materials for storage tanks, such as food-grade polyethylene or stainless steel.
Keep the storage tanks clean and well-maintained to prevent algae growth and contamination.
Regularly inspect and clean the catchment system and storage tanks.
Treat the harvested rainwater before using it for drinking and cooking to ensure its safety.
Sustainable Forestry Practices
With about 13% of Oregon's land reserved for forests, managing natural resources responsibly is vital for sustainable off-grid living. Implementing sustainable forestry practices helps preserve the biodiversity and maintain the long-term health of the forests. This approach not only benefits the environment but also provides a reliable source of wood for heating, construction, and other off-grid needs. Here are some key principles for sustainable forestry in Oregon:
Selective logging: Rather than clear-cutting, selectively remove individual trees to maintain the forest's ecosystem integrity.
Reforestation: For every tree harvested, plant new saplings to ensure a consistent supply of future timber. Choose native species adapted to the local environment.
Pest management: Monitor for pests and diseases, and implement natural control methods to prevent infestations.
Stewardship: Maintain and improve forest ecosystems by protecting riparian zones, preserving wildlife habitat, and minimizing soil erosion.
By following these sustainable practices and responsibly managing water and forest resources, living off-grid in Oregon can be an achievable and environmentally-conscious lifestyle.
Off-Grid Community and Networking
Living off the grid in Oregon has its challenges, but finding like-minded individuals and communities can make the transition easier. In this section, we'll explore local off-grid communities and the importance of sharing knowledge and resources.
Local Off-Grid Communities
Oregon is home to several off-grid communities where people have come together to live a sustainable and self-sufficient lifestyle. Some notable off-grid communities in Oregon include:
Curry County: Known for its Mediterranean climate and low population density, this southwestern county offers an ideal setting for off-grid living.
Josephine County: A supportive community with a focus on renewable energy and sustainable habits, Josephine County is another popular choice for those looking to live off the grid in Oregon.
Other counties such as Coos, Jackson, Douglas, Wheeler, and Harney also offer opportunities for off-grid living.
Sharing Knowledge and Resources
Going off the grid is a learning experience, and collaborating with others who have similar goals can help you acquire the skills and knowledge you need. Here are some ways to share information and resources within the off-grid community:
Workshops and Seminars: Participating in local events focused on off-grid living, permaculture, and sustainable practices can broaden your understanding and help develop essential skills.
Online Communities: Join online forums and groups dedicated to off-grid living in Oregon, where you can ask questions, share experiences, and connect with others who have gone through the same process.
Resource Sharing: Living off the grid often involves relying on the local community for trade, sharing produce, or swapping items. Building relationships with your neighbors can help establish a strong and resilient network.
These connections not only foster a successful off-grid lifestyle but also contribute to maintaining a thriving and supportive community of individuals who share a common goal: living sustainably and self-sufficiently in Oregon.
Emergency Preparedness
Dealing with Power Outages
Power outages can be challenging, especially when living off-grid in Oregon. To ensure safety and comfort during these emergency situations, it's essential to be well-prepared. One effective way to be ready is by having a reliable renewable energy system in place, such as solar power or wind turbines. Backup power sources, like portable generators, can also be valuable during extended outages.
Install surge protectors to protect appliances from voltage fluctuations.
Keep a stock of candles, flashlights, and battery-powered lanterns in case of a power outage.
Have a supply of fresh batteries available for essential devices.
Maintain a well-insulated home to retain heat and maintain comfortable indoor temperatures.
Planning for Natural Disasters
Oregon is prone to various types of natural disasters like earthquakes, wildfires, and floods. Being prepared for these events is crucial for off-grid dwellers. Here are some steps to consider:
Develop a clear evacuation plan and discuss it with your household members. Ensure everyone knows the safest routes and meeting points in case evacuation becomes necessary.
Make an emergency kit that includes the following items:
Item Quantity Water 1 gallon per person per day (3-7 day supply) Non-perishable food 3-7 day supply for each person First aid kit 1 Prescribed medications As needed Communication devices with chargers (cell phone, radio) As needed Important documents 1 set (sealed in a waterproof container) Sanitation supplies As needed Blankets or sleeping bags 1 per person
Be aware of the local warning systems for different hazards, such as siren alerts or public service announcements. Regularly check your county or tribe emergency management website to stay up to date with potential threats.
By following these guidelines and planning carefully, off-grid residents in Oregon can maintain a safe and prepared lifestyle while also enjoying the benefits of independence and sustainability.
